Causes and treatment for back pain

Lower back pain, in most cases, occurs due to degenerative and dystrophic changes in the back.The intervertebral disc is injured when lifting heavy objects, overloading during rest and movement.Disruption of the nucleus of the Annulus Fibrosus with tears and breaks creates a hernia.The instability of the spine contributes to the development of osteophytes (spondylosis), maintenance of intervertebral joints and connectors (spondylodarosis), osteochondrosis (spondylodarrosis), accompanied by pathological processes in the sacroiliac joints.

In addition to compression changes, reflex irritation of pain receptors causes an impulse to the motor neurons of the spinal cord.Muscle tone increases, and over time pathologies appear in muscle tissue.Pain in the spine can result from the appearance of tumors, multiple myeloma and systemic autoimmune diseases.

Pain and their types

Pain sensations can be dull, sharp, aching, burning and throbbing.It can spread all over the back, shed light on neighboring areas, or be local in nature.An unpleasant sensation develops in different ways;It can appear suddenly or grow over a long period of time.

The symptom is also classified by the reason for its occurrence:

• Primary pain is a consequence of the degeneration of the musculoskeletal system, its lesions;
• Secondary, during pathological processes in the body, it is not related to the lower back.

There are two types of pain:

• Periodic ones are characteristic of strong physical strength, acute diseases and physiological characteristics;They can spread to another part of the body or spread to the affected area.After eliminating the cause of their occurrence, they stop bothering a person.
• Chronic pain is a result of deep damage to joints, tissues and muscles.With the help of drugs, the symptoms are temporarily removed, but they recur.

Instructions for advanced diagnostics

In order to determine the method of pain relief, it is necessary to undergo an additional examination to determine the true cause of the syndrome.Tests must be taken:

• Atypical manifestation (increase or decrease in discomfort when moving the body), unusual localization (for example, discomfort from the back to the perineum, rectum, anus, vagina);
• Weakening of symptoms in a standing position and pumping while sleeping;
• Changes in the nature of back pain related to going to the toilet, eating, having sex;
• previous injuries to the spine or hip joints;
• pain accompanied by vomiting and high body temperature;
• diagnosed oncology;
• The presence of mental behavioral disorders.

In a hospital setting, additional research is carried out in the hospital in the hospital, in patient neurology or in other departments that provide a laboratory for the diagnosis of a suspected disease.

X-rays of the spine are performed in several projections, a general blood test is examined, and an advanced biochemical analysis is performed, which shows the level of creatinine, calcium, glucose, phosphates and other substances in the blood.Computer diagnostics and the method of magnetic resonance imaging are widely used.Bone scintiography is used to examine bone tissue.

Diseases of the musculoskeletal system

Unpleasant sensations in the back occur for the following reasons:

• Intervertebral osteochondrosis includes several pathologies characterized by dystrophy or degeneration.Due to the disease, articular cartilage and bones are loosened and destroyed, and nerve endings are involved in pathological changes.Osteochondrosis leads to the development of hernias, lumbar radiculitis, sciatica, protrusion (intervertebral disc shell without rupture of the fibrous ring).
• Scoliosis is a curvature of the spine with an asymmetric shoulder line.It is accompanied by skeletal deformation, poor posture, and hump protruding to the right or right or left in the intercostal space.It is classified as congenital or acquired form.
• Spondylosis occurs due to the natural aging of the vertebrae and joints in the lumbar region;Over time, pain increases as joints wear and mobility is lost.
• Lumbago is characterized by acute discomfort in the lumbar region due to destructive disorders in the vertebrae.Pain occurs when lifting weights incorrectly and is more common in men.With lumbago, lower back movement is limited;The lack of treatment is dangerous for destructive processes to become an irreversible stage.
• Ankylosing spondylitis (Bechterew's disease) is characterized by loss of mobility of the lumbar joints and is a chronic inflammation with a significant spread of connective tissue.
• Osteomyelitis is a pure-necrotic inflammation of the bone marrow, bones and surrounding soft tissues.The disease occurs due to infection with piredent mycobacteria and pyogenic (pus-producing) bacteria.
• Osteoporosis occurs as a result of the improper development of bone tissue due to reduced bone density and calcium depletion, which often leads to bone loss.
• Congenital or acquired difference in leg length (more than 3 cm).

These diseases require a visit to the clinic for examination and serious treatment.Sometimes therapy is used to relieve symptoms only for a while, and a surgical method is used for complete treatment.

Kidney pathologies

Depending on the kidney function, discomfort may occur under the abdomen, and pain may occur on the left, right, and sometimes on the back.The causes of the symptom may be the following pathologies:

• Prolapse of the kidneys.This is a condition in which the organ moves outside the permissible norm (displacement from the kidney bed 2 cm below and above).With nephroptosis, the kidney moves if it can travel 10 cm.
• Kidney failure is a condition where urine is not produced.The patient notes that he has a sharp pain in his lower back and his health is rapidly deteriorating.
• Pyelonephritis is an inflammation of the renal pelvis and nearby tissues of the genitourinary system are involved.With this disease, urinary incontinence may not be disturbed, and the pain in the lower right and left side is related to the intensity of the inflammatory process.
• Gout causes discomfort when standing from a sitting position or other movements.When the disease occurs, the natural metabolism of uric acid is disturbed;It accumulates in the lumbar joints, limiting their mobility.
• Renal Colic is a common pathology.With this, pain occurs for various reasons.The most common is a stone of the upper urinary tract due to the formation of a blood clot, forceps, pus or mucus, damage to the ureter with its sheath or obstruction.Lower back pain caused by renal colic is characterized by an acute onset at any time of the day, during movement or at rest.
• Diabetic nephropathy is more typical for people with diabetes (75%) and is a complex lesion of kidney debt and renal tubules as a result of changes in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in kidney tissues.With this pathology, pain occurs in any part of the back, as well as in the groin and lower abdomen.
• Glomerulonephritis is an inflammation of the glomeruli (glomeruli of the kidneys) and can lead to kidney failure.A rapidly progressive and chronic form is noted.
• Kidney stone disease is not always accompanied by back pain;It can be difficult to locate.
• Hydronephrosis is characterized by the expansion of the renal pelvis and discomfort.It requires additional diagnostics.

Gynecological diseases

Pain syndrome occurs in women due to diseases:

• Due to uterine fibroids, vulvitis, adnexitis and neoplasms of the genital organs, frequent localization of discomfort can occur in the lower abdomen, so pain can occur on the left and right side.
• During pregnancy, the lower back hurts and it hurts to walk, but such symptoms arise for natural reasons and are explained by the increased load of the fetus on the musculoskeletal system, so they do not require treatment.
• Menopause is accompanied by pain due to the blood supply to the internal organs of the small pelvis, which is the result of hormonal imbalance during this period.
• Unpleasant feelings constantly arise due to psychosomatics.In this case, the woman should see a psychotherapist and a psychologist.
• The results of the operation, for example, abortion, may be accompanied by discomfort in the lower abdomen and may spread to the Lumbar Vertebrae due to forced contractions of the uterus or forced contraction of inflammation.
• Hormonal disturbances during menstruation, the release of the follicle from the ovary and its movement through the Fallopian tubes, and the enlargement of the uterus during menstruation cause pain in the lower back and back.

Other causes of back pain

Discomfort in the lumbar region can be caused by diseases of human body systems:

• Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic pathology and mostly affects women.It is a chronic inflammation that develops in the lumbar joints and involves the nearby cartilage and muscles.The disease occurs due to autoimmune disorders in the body.
• Thrombophlebitis and phlebothromosis develop due to partial or complete cessation of blood flow in deep veins.Discomfort in the lower back is felt after a long walk or standing.This pain spreads to the hip and leg.
• At the final stage, atherosclerosis causes discomfort in the lower back.

Treatment of pain due to musculoskeletal problems

Different drugs are used depending on the root cause and stage of the underlying disease to relieve discomfort in the lower back caused by impaired functionality of the musculoskeletal system.

They are used in several forms, from tablets to intramuscular injections.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used to reduce pain.These drugs lower body temperature, relieve inflammation and fever.

NSAIDS from the group of phenylacetic acid derivatives are popular in the treatment of back pain.These drugs are safe and effective and are superior to other pain relievers because they do not adversely affect metabolic processes in the intervertebral disc.Sufficient therapeutic dosage to relieve severe anxiety varies from 75 to 150 mg per day, the norm is consumed in several doses.To accelerate the analgesic effect, rectal suppositories are used or the drug is administered intramuscularly.

Muscle streamers

If NSAIDS do not have a positive effect in the treatment of pain, muscle relaxants are used.These drugs reduce the tone of skeletal muscles and reduce their movement - sometimes to the point of complete cessation of function.Start therapy with a standard dose and continue for several weeks.Experience shows that adding to the complex treatment of muscle spasms, continuous discomfort ensures a regression and increases joint mobility.Different types of combinations of these drugs are not used.

Analgesics and corticosteroids

If the back pain is very painful, narcotic analgesics, which have been relevant in medicine for a long time, are used.They are based on opioids, thanks to which the drugs provide relief.Such drugs are prescribed by a doctor (they are sold in pharmacies only by prescription);You cannot treat pain with these drugs.

To eliminate the syndrome, corticosteroids are used in case of degenerative joint tissue disorders.

Medicines partially restore the cartilage and prevent further destruction.

Needles

Injections are used if the previous drugs do not have the required effect.In the blockade, drugs of the ester group and amide series are used directly in the lumbar region.

A blockade is a procedure to eliminate muscle spasms at the site of pain;Injections are given through a catheter into the nerve plexuses entering the Panavertebral region.Its effect is short-lived, but it helps to eliminate severe attacks.

Use of ointments, creams and patches

With the help of gels and creams, it is also removed in an uncomfortable situation.These are applied directly to the wound site.You can use NSAID-based products.Combined products have an even more developed effect.

For noticeable and local irritating effects, warming ointments with a restorative chondrotopic effect are used, dilating blood vessels, resulting in nutrition of vertebral tissues and cartilage and metabolic processes in them.

The use of patches is popular because of the method of application and quick action.The product is impregnated with medicine and applied to the number of pain.In this way, an overdose is eliminated.

Other methods affecting painful areas

Physiotherapy treatment allows you to warm up the muscles, improve blood supply and increase the therapeutic effect of the main drugs.

Paraffin applications are used which are effective in case of shooting pain.The procedure consists of layer-by-layer application of wax or paraffin, covered with polyethylene, then covered with a warm blanket to a skin of 1 cm or paraffin.The duration is at least one hour, the course of treatment with daily use is one month.Physical therapy is effective when used during mild illness.Exercise also reduces the risk of recurring back pain.

Massage is not performed in all cases, because in some pathologies it can harm the body.In this case, the effect is not on the wound site, but on the surrounding areas.The procedure should be performed by an experienced massage therapist;You shouldn't do it yourself.

The mud therapy method is also used as a diversion.

Pain reliever for gynecological problems

Comple antibacterial agents are used to eliminate the original cause of pain.Special drugs are used to reduce bacterial infection of the vagina.An ointment containing antibiotics and antiseptics is used in the vulva area.

Inflammation of the glands of an infectious nature, accompanied by lower back pain, is treated with antibiotics, taking into account the sensitivity of the microorganism, and ultrasounds are used as a physiotherapeutic effect.Genital abscesses, especially Bartholin's gland abscesses, are surgically removed.If the pain is mild and the tumor does not bother the patient, then before the operation, only hormonal drugs are prescribed, which are considered preventive.

Gnrh Antagonists reduce the amount of estrogen in the body.They are used for uterine fibroids, hyperplasia and endometriosis.Hormonal drugs are effective as a means of reducing the size of the uterus before surgery.However, their long-term use leads to the development of osteoporosis.

In some cases, the nodules grow and cause back pain after treatment.Unpleasant feelings are relieved with the help of oral contraceptives.When lumbar pain occurs, antigonadotropin therapy is used to relieve well-being.These drugs have many side effects, so they are rarely used.

If the growth of a tumor causes severe pain and threatens health, surgery is required to remove it.During menopause and if a woman does not plan to have a child, it is recommended to completely remove the uterus.In other cases, only the fibroid is removed laparoscopically (through small incisions in the abdomen).

Popular hormonal drugs are NSAIDS.Antispasmodic drugs are also used.

Help with kidney pain

Acute pain in the kidneys is relieved by taking antispasmodic drugs that can increase the lumen of the ureter and provide urinary diversion.

Acute symptoms require the use of combination drugs, which are both analgesic and antispasmodic, with anti-inflammatory components.You can take 2 tablets at once;In severe cases, intramuscular injections are given.Analgin-based antipyretics help relieve pain in the kidneys.

Traditional treatment methods

Traditional recipes help to relieve pain in the lower back, but before using it, you need to make sure that there are no diseases that are dangerous to human life and health that require timely treatment or even surgery.The most popular methods:

• A towel soaked in a combined infusion of St. John's Wort, thyme, chamomile flowers and black elderberry flowers and black elderberry.Take 1 tsp for food.Raw or dried raw materials, pour a glass of boiling water and leave for half an hour.Then remove the compress and go to bed.
• Garlic ointment helps a lot.To prepare it, take a head, grind it to an accessible size and mix it with vaseline and a small amount of lemon juice.Apply the prepared mixture to the sore point on the back.
• Mustard bath relieves pain.To do this, take a glass of mustard powder and pour it in hot water.Take a bath until peeling, then wash the skin with clean water and cover with a blanket.
• A compress of honey and vinegar (1 tablespoon each) relieves pain.The resulting mixture is placed on a cabbage leaf and applied to the problem area.
• Turb or horseradish grated, combined with sour cream and placed on a napkin made of natural material.The compress is fixed with a warm scarf or towel.
• Dry leaves of a large burdock steamed with boiling water are applied to wounds and isolated places.
• Rub the back with honey to improve blood flow in the tissues.The massage is performed without pressure, but the movements should be intense.Similarly, use an alcohol tincture with eucalyptus purchased at a pharmacy.
• Prepare a compress from fried beets, squeeze the mass and mix the resulting 1 liter of one vegetable from one vegetable.kerosene.Using a napkin, the composition is transferred to the wound point and fixed and wrapped.This compress is left overnight.
• Use lung laundry soap with white incense, mix them in equal amounts, add 2 beaten egg yolks.The product is applied to the back, placed on a napkin and secured with a bandage.Continue for about 2-3 hours.

Treatment of back pain is carried out by various means, but the diagnosis of the underlying disease that causes the unpleasant symptoms is always required.